Circuits design and application Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Circuits design and application - Essay ExampleHere the output of the analyzer is audio, so it can intake any scope for the pomp. The analyzer functions as a Tunable RF Voltmeter. This makes it function as a natural receiver / transmitter tracing signals. A display of the absolute frequency is provided using the analyzer on a transmitter. Owing to the high sensitivity of the instrument signal tracing receiver circuits are permitted from the antenna by dint of the low-level Radio Frequency stages. Whereas a conventional RF voltmeter adds up all the individual voltages as a summation without indicating the components it is not the case with a spectrum analyzer. Additionally the analyzer displays local oscillator signal and its frequency and injection levels.A tracking generator added to the basic spectrum analyzer makes a powerful receiver system of rules for measurements of stimulus-responses. The tracking generator is a signal source whose RF output tracks the tuning of the anal yzer. Since the instantaneous output frequency is matched with the input frequency of the analyzer, this swept frequency test system actually substitutes for an effective synchronous detector. This ideally caters to the measurement of the frequency response of whirls much(prenominal) as amplifiers, attenuators, mixers, transmission lines, couplers and even antennas used with an impertinent bridge. Two or more oscillators mixed together generate the output. Typical application of the tracking generator consists of the RF output being connected to the device under test and its output in turn connected to input of the spectrum analyzer. The display resulting is the instantaneous plotting of the frequency response of the device under test. If one were sounding out for a CRT display all that was needed was a 3 digit readout that could display 0 to 500 MHZ directly viewing anywhere from a few MHZ to several hundred. Besides the conventional all-digital circuit solution there exists a n alternate solution based on the clearcutness Frequency-to-voltage converter IC, along with the output of the pre-scaler IC. This is a low cost alternative for directly displaying the received frequency of almost any receiver. Simple adjustments to a mickle is all that is required to accommodate any IF frequency from zero to hundreds of MHZ. When the circuit is designed with a digital voltmeter and the DVM set on the 20 volt scale, 0 to 500 MHZ will be displayed as 0.00 to 5.00 volts. Front Panel LayoutInstead nowadays we have the digital panel meter module such as the above which is ideal and reads directly in MHZ.Typical Design specifications for a Spectrum AnalyzerR3132 9 kilocycle per second to 3 GHz R3132N 9 kHz to 2.2 GHz (75 ohms) R3162 9 kHz to 8 GHz Signal Purity - 105 dBc/Hz 20 kHz Offset 100 dBc/Hz 10 kHz Offset Total Level Accuracy - Maximum 1.5 dB High-speed GPIB, Effective for System Applications High Speed Measurement - 20 Traces per second gear 6.5-inch TFT Colo r LCD Built-in Frequency Counter 3 GHz Tracking Generator (Option) Floppy Disk for Data Saving Large numeric Display for Measurement Results (In Counter and Power Measurement Mode) Printer Port RS-232 Port VGA output 20 dB Preamp QP detector and EMC filtersSpectrum analyzers are used wide to make measurements of radio frequencies. Performances at high levels are guaranteed as compared to a few years ago.